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Health

兒童流感症狀有什麼?兒童流感照顧方法及流感針的效用

2023-10-18 5min read

香港的流感高峰季節一般出現在每年一月至三月,以及七月至八月。流感是高度傳染性疾病,任何年齡均有可能患上,但兒童免疫力相較於成人差,更容易感染流感,且兒童流感症狀更嚴重,康復時間亦更長。因此,每年的流感高峰期,家長都要小心可致命的兒童流感。以下10Life將為你介紹兒童流感症狀、兒童流感照顧要點以及接種兒童流感針須知。

兒童流感與一般感冒有何分別?

流感與普通感冒症狀相似,因此當患者出現感冒病徵,但同時發燒、嘔吐或肚瀉、嚴重疲倦等,就很大機會是患上流感,應立即前往診所求醫,以便作出適當治療。

流感和一般感冒的症狀有相似之處,因此容易令人看輕病情,表1列出部分流感和一般感冒的症狀:

流感一般感冒
全身肌肉痛、頭痛、咳嗽、鼻塞甚少出現肌肉痛,但同樣會咳嗽、鼻塞
發燒可持續3至4天很少高燒 
夏季、冬季較流行一年四季皆流行
有機會出現支氣管炎或肺炎等併發症,嚴重者可導致死亡甚少出現併發症

兒童出現流感症狀,應該怎照顧?

當兒童患上流感,照顧時有什麼要注意的地方?流感雖然容易引起併發症,但只要及時進行適當治療,並且按照醫生囑咐食藥,一般都能很快控制病情。此外,家長亦能夠在日常生活中留意一些要點,幫助小朋友更快復原:

  • 提醒小朋友多喝水 
    發燒會使身體水分大量流失,因此小朋友需吸收足夠水分,以免缺水
     
  • 確保小朋友有足夠休息 
    流感患者容易感到嚴重疲倦,家長應確保小朋友有充足睡眠,這樣有助加快痊癒
     
  • 保持空氣流通 
    家長應保持室內空氣流通,減少傳染家人的機會,此外也應減少外出,以免接觸更多細菌
     
  • 飲食要清淡 
    保持均衡飲食,盡量攝取可加強抵抗力的維他命C

兒童流感疫苗價錢、效用及副作用

每年流感季節,香港皆錄得不少兒童流感嚴重個案,有些個案會出現嚴重肺炎、休克或腦炎等併發症,也有因流感導致兒童死亡的個案。因此,有部分家長會考慮帶子女接種流感疫苗。

衛生防護中心每年均會推出流感預防計劃,資助流感高危人士接種流感疫苗 ,而2023/24年度「政府防疫注射計劃」已經於2023年9月28日展開,每劑疫苗資助額為$260。由於不同診所或醫院收費不一,因此扣除資助額後,接種疫苗人士可能仍要自費,具體金額視乎診所收費,綜合網上資料,流感疫苗價錢一般由200元至500元不等。

一般而言,疫苗需要兩周才會完全發揮作用,因此有意為子女接種流感疫苗的家長,應在流感季節開始前兩周安排小朋友接種兒童流感針。照顧孩子的家長們通常會關心疫苗是否有副作用,如是否會發燒或出現輕度流感症狀等,建議家長最好先向醫生查詢。

如對小朋友的症狀有任何懷疑,應馬上求醫,另外家長可防患於未然,及早考慮為子女投保醫療保險作萬全保障,詳情請參考10Life的兒童保險比較,找出合適子女的保險產品。 

資料來源:衞生署、衞生防護中心

10Life Editorial Team

Our team of professional content researchers focussing on insurance

10Life Editorial Team

Our team of professional content researchers focussing on insurance

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